Phonograph.



P; UATUUG'I, PHONOGRAPH.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 29, 1911.

1,0@5 g&9,, Patented Feb. 3, 1914.

3 SHEETSSHEET 2.

an o: I N, 3353 J P. GATUG'GI.

PHONOGRAPH.

APPLIOATIQN FILED MAYZQ, 1911.

Patented Feb. 3, 1914.

8 SHEBTSSHBET 3.

1 0 Mai 'P'ILINY CATUCCI, or NEWARK,I NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR To A.. r. MEISSELBACH &

, BROTHER, a ooRronA'rIoN on NEW JERSEY;

PHONOGRAPH.

1985,8459; Specification of Letters Patent.

Application and may 29, 19 11. serial No. 630,170.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, PLINY Cxruoon a rid-zen of the United States. residing in the (-ity ot Newark, county of Essex, and State -5' of XewJersey, have invented certain new and useful 1m rovements in Phonographs', of which the ollowingls a full, clear. and "exact description, such as Wlll enable others a skilled in the art to which, it pertains to make, construct, and use the same.

- T he prii-icipal object of my invention is to so improve the construction of a phono graph as to Inaterially increase its eiiiciency as a device for the reproduction of musical and other sounds, but also to reduce its cost of manufacturing to the lowest possible point. consistent with good material and workmanship.

In the development of the phonograph art it has been found that there is an increased demandfor what called the four minute cylindrical record. The two minute recorgl that is, a record that requires a period of two minutes to reproduce the-entire 1natfor placed thereon ha-s necessitated the use of; a feed screw having lOO'threads t0 the iuclr; The extreme fineness of this thread I has'laidit open to the objection that, in use, the thread was easily marred or damaged by comingin Contact with other hard substances,

and thereby, the delicacy and efficiency of this machine was very much impaired.

Til the pitch of the thread was decreased to, say fiftyto the inch, the thread would be :v materially strengthened and much more capable of withstanding the hard usage to which such an instrument is usually put. Such a reduction in the pitch of the thread would correspondingly reduce the length of 40 time. occupied in'reproducing' the matter upon-the cylindrical phonograph records. I

By the former methods of construction, it

a four r'ninute record was desired, it was nec-.

.essary to correspondingly increase the num- 415 her" of threads on the feed screw to 200 to the inch. It will be readily seen that a feedscrew; of-thi extreme fineness would be too I delicate for the practical'application of the phonograph to ordinary use.

I so, By my. improvement, L ahan, not

rateateureb. a, rot-i.

l only to reduce the nun'ib'er of threads upon I the feed screw to fifty to theinch, and thereby correspondingly increase their strength and resistance to ordinary roughusage, but

to utilize-both the two'minute' and four ute records.

The following is a full description of: the means I employ to carry out the various objects of my invention. I

Figure 1 is a plan view of my improvement with the cover for the motor removed to disclose the interior. Fig; 2 is a side elevatioi'rpartly in section of the completed structure. Fig. 3 is an end elevation partly in section of the motor, and its governing mechanism. Fig. i is a sectional view on line X, X, of Fig. 5. Fig. 5 is a vertical view on line Y, Y, of Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a diagi'a'lnniatic sectionot the subtraniental gear train for reproducing two minute records. Fig. 7 is asiniilar view showing the gear shifted to" reproduce the four minute records. Figs. 6 and 7 are taken in subninin Fig. 5 in the full line and dotted line I positions of the shifting lever 57.

parts; throughout the specification and drawing.

In the drawings, 1, represents the containing case which is provided with a cover ,2, on the underside of which is rigidly secured the base 3, i'nsuch manner that when such cover is lifted off the case and inverted, it Inayrest upon the case with the operating mechanism exposed as shown in vFig. 2. All of the working parts of the machine' are mounted upon the base 3 as shown. I

The motor for driving the phonograph in'iand'rel is constructed in the following manner: Upon the base 3, are'the two up- .right' plates 4; and 5, rigidly secured to the base 3 by means of the lugs 6, and screws 7. The upright plates 4 and 5 are spaced apart by the-spacing rods 8, located in the cor- ;ners of the plates as shown. These two upright plates and 5 serve asbeaifing supports" for the pivots of the various. gear other features of the improvement enable me stantially the same positions as represented ,Similar lettersof reference refer to like wheels and parts which form the motor structure. The main driving spring is contained in the spring box 9, which is mounted upon a shaft 10. Upon one end of this shaft and rigidly secured thereto is the winding gear 11, which is driven through a gear 12, mounted upon the inner end of a stub shaft 13, the latter being carried in an cXtension arm 14., in ordinary crank secured upon the outer end of the stub shaft is utilized for winding up the spring in the spring box 9, its motion being communicated through the gear 12, and an idler gear 15, as clearly illustrated in Fig. 3. In order to retain the spring in its wound up condition, I provide an ordinary.pawl 16, which engages the teeth of the gear wheel 11-. At the opposite'end of the shaft 10 is rigidly mounted a gear wheel 17, which meshes with a small pinion 18, mounted upon a shaft 19, mounted in the side plates 4 and 5.

Rigidly secured to the shaft 19, is a gear 20 meshing with a pinion 21 on the shaft 22. Also mounted upon theshaft 22, is a large gear wheel 23, the latter meshing with a pinion 24, upon the feed shaft 25. The gear wheel 23 also meshes with apinion 26 upon the shaft 27, and through the gear wheel 28, and pinion 29, leads down to the governor shaft 30. The governor 31, upon shaft 30 is of a usual spring and weight type, having the disk 32, weights and supporting springs 33, as is well-known in governors of this kind. The regulating lever 34, for the governor is pivoted upon the bracket 35, and has at one end a friction brake 36, to bear upon the friction disk 32. The opposite end of this lever is provided with a pin 37, projecting through the side plate 4, into engagement with the snail cam 38, upon the disk 39, the latter being pivoted to the side plate 4, by means of a screw 40. The disk 39, is provided with.an extension arm 41, pointer 42, and handle 43. Stops 44 are also provided upon the disk 39, to engage with the stop pin 45, whereby the limit.

of the throw of the disk and consequently of the snail cam 38, is effected. This snail cam 38, consists of an inclined depression -in the side of the disk 39, such depression being concentric with the center of the disk. It will thus be seen that oscillation of the disk 39, will cause the snail cam 38, to engage the pin 37, and thereby oscillate the lever 34, so that its opposite brake end, 36, will be pressed down upon the disk 32, or be withdrawn therefrom, thereby permitting the disk 32 to slide along the governor shaft 30, under the centrifugal action of the governor weighted spring 33. This operation is well-known to those skilled in the art, and needs no further description. Theupper or index end 42 of the arm 41 oscillates along the scale 46, so that the speed of the motor may be regulated accordingly.

Mounted in the bracket 47, and a box 48, outside of the plate 5, is short shaft 49, carrying the gear 50, which meshes with the gear 20, and is driven thereby. Rigidly secured also to the shaft 49-, and outside of the plate 5, is the sleeve 51, said sleeve carrying two spaced gear wheels 52- and 53, the diameters of the latter being in the ratio of two to three. Secured beneath the base 3, and adjacent to the box 48, is the bracket 4, with downwardly extending apertured arms 55, within. which is the pivotally mounted sleeve 56. This sleeve extends outside of the lever 57, which projects upward through the base 3, and serves as an operating arm for oscillating the sleeve 56, for a purpose hereinafter to be descr1bed. Also rigidly securedupon the sleeve 56, is a plate 58,.

which carries the shortstub shafts 59 and 60, upon which are mountedthe two pinions 61 and 62, the lattervbeing staggered, and arranged to mesh respectively with the two gear wheels 52 and 53 on the shaft 48,.as the lever 57, is oscillated either forward or back.

Carried in the sleeve 56, such sleeve forming a bearing,therefor, is the long shaft 63, such shaft carrying at its outer end a pinion 64, rigidly mounted thereon, and in constant engagement with each of the gear wheels 61 and 62. From this construction it will be seen that as the plate 5.8. 's oscillated in one direction, the gear whel 61 will be brought into" engagement with the gear wheel 52, and when oscillated in the oppo site direction, the gear wheel 62, will be brought into engagement with the gear whcel 53. And inasmuch as the motion of the shaft 49, is communicated through the gear wheels 52 or 53, to the gear wheels 61 or 62, the motion of the shaft 49, will be (Ollimunicated to the shaft 63 through the gear (34, and the speed of the shaft 63 will be varied accordingly, The opposite end of the shaft 63 is carried in a bearing bracket 65, beneath the base 3, and hat; rigidly se cured at its outer end, a miter gear 66. the latter meshing with the miter gear 67 at the lower end of an upright shaft 68, the latter being carried in the hearing bracket 69 as clearly illustrated. The upper end of the shaft 68, is provided with a screw thread T0, which in practice has 50 threads to the inch. Mounted also upon the upper end of the bracket 69, is a swiveleu bearing 71, carrying at its upper end a worm 72, which is normally in mesh with the thread 70 on the shaft 68. This worm 72, serves the purpose of supporting the feed shaft 25, the outer end of which is threaded as at 7 with fifty threads to the inch.

As above described, the pinion 24:, meshes with thegear 23, and is mounted upon the feed screw 25. It should also be stated that such-pinion is splined to said feed screws so that the rotation of the pinion 2%, will cause the rotation of the feed shaft 25. This pinion 24, is provided with a collar T4, and groove 75, said groove being for the purpose of engaging a send-circular notch 76, formed inan upward extension T5, of the plate 5, so that if the pinion 2-1, is rotated, the feed shaft 25, may slide through, without in. any way shifting such pinion. The feed shaft 25, carries the usual mandrel 78, upon which the usual phonograph record is placed. f

The numbers of teeth in the gears and pinions in the main gear train are such as to give -the ratio of the rates-of revolution of the pinions 2i and50 as 3 to 1; that is the pinion 2* makes three (3) -re\"olutions to one (1) revolution of the pinion 50.

Secured to the base 3, and back of the mandrel 78 is the upright horn and sound box support 79. I have notillustrated the horn in connection with the support, as it will be readily understood that the small bent end of the horn is simply inserted into the upper aperture 80 of the horn support, and that the sound box 81, issecured in the lateral tubular opening, 82, of this support, so as to bring the stylus of the sound box against the surface of the cylinder record,

- mounted upon'th'e mandrel 78. 35

The-operation of the device is as follows: It is understood that the spring within the spring box iswound up, and that a record is put upon the mandrel 78. If now, the

record is a four minute record, the operator will shift the lever 57 into position to bring gear 62 into engagement with the large gear wheel 52 on the shaft 48, then operating the arm 41 of the governor control, the motor is started, and it will'cause the rotation of the feed shaft- 25, and inasmuch as the screw thread 73 of such feed shaft engages with the worm 72, such feed shaftwill be driven longitudinally to cause the record and mandrel to travel transversely of the .sound box, but with the four minute record the record groove will be '200 to the inch, while the threads 73 are 50 to the-inch. This, however, would cause theinandrel'to travel laterally four times as fast as required, were it not for the fact that the worm 72 also in engagement with the threads 70 of the shaft (38. Now, since the shaft 68 is rotated in a direction to cause the rotation of the worm wheel 72, in the direction of the arrow, the result is, lateral motion of the feed shaft 25, and mandrel 78, is one fourth of what it would be if such mandrel and feed shaft were to travel .under the influence of the threads 73 -alone, thereby giving the mandrel a travel equivalent to what would be under the influence of a thread 200 to the inch.

When the small wheel 53 is utilizedas the the gear wheels 61, the shaft 63, will travel with decreased speed, and with the result that the decrease of speed is communicated to the worm 72, through the connecting rotating parts, with the result that the lateral traveling of the feed shaft and its mandrel the influence of a thread 100 to the'inch.

proved structure I am able by the mere shifting of the'lever 57, to accord'mgly shift minute records where the-record grooves are 100 to the inch, or with four minute records bodied in the screw thread upon the mandrel shaft. rotates in the direction' of the arrow thereon, and this would cause a motion of translation in the mandrel shaft in the direction of the arrow,'bu t since the vertical shaft 68 rotates in the direction of the arrow therecausing a simultaneous rotationfiof said worm wheel in the direction of the arrow thereon, the resultant is, a reduction of the motionof translation of the mandrelshaft, and amount'of -this reducti n depends upon which of the differential c hgrnge gears 61 or (32 is in engagement withthe ears 52 01-53.

As a means for protecting the motor from dust and dirt I provide a cover 83, which is located over the space bars or rods 8, as clearly shown in Fig. 3. This cover is held in position by the snap spring 84:, which takes over the lower space bars-8, as shown. I alsoprovide a slot in the upper portion of'this cover, So that the gear wheel 23 may project through such slot into engagement with the pinion 24, on the mandrel shaft \Vhen it is desired to place a record "upon the mandrel 78, it is only necessary-to which the cover, 2,

graph.

I do not claims to the differential screw feed strucdrivingmechanisin for the shaft 63 through will be reduced to what itwould beunder the mechanism, to. operate with either two-- on, and meshes with the worm wheel 72,

limit tothe, phonograph my It will thus be seen that with my imwhere the record grooves'alrefl flfl to the i the whole being accomplished by means of: the differential screw feedmechanism em-- a It-will be noted that] the mandrel.

close all of the working parts of the phone}.

ture, as such a device is capable of use in other relations. I I desire, therefore, to claim this feature broadly as well as in combina- :ion with the phonograph motor.

a I claim: r

l. In a phonograph the combination ofa pair of screw threaded shafts, a record mandrel rigidly mounted upon one of said shafts, gear connections between said shafts for producing simultaneous rotation thereof and a worm wheel in normal engagement with the threads of said shafts'for producing a motion of translation of said mandrel shaft in the direction of its axis. I i

2. Inaphonograph, the combination of a pair of'screw threaded shaftsgarecord mandrel rigidly mounted upon one of said shafts, [a gear connection between and for simultaneously rotating said shafts, and a worm gear engaging the threads of said shafts for producing a, motion of translation'of said mandrel shaft in the direction of its axis.

3. In a phonograph, the combination of a pair of worm threaded shafts, a record mandrel mounted upon one of said shafts, a worm wheel engaging the screw threads of said shafts, and a spur gear connectionbetween said shafts for producing rotation,

, thereof and in eonjunction'with said worm wheel a longitudinal motion of said record mandrel shaft. I

4. In a phonograph, the combination of a pair of angularly disposed screw-threaded shafts, one of which carriesa record man :35. drel, -a worm wheel engaging. 'the screw threads of said shafts, and intermeshing change gears connecting said shafts, for producing a simultaneous rotation thereof and longitudinal motion of said record man- ,io drel shaft. v

5. In a phonograph, the combinatit n of a pair of angularly disposed screw-threaded shafts, one of which carries a record mandrel, a worm wheel meshing with the threads of both of said shafts, a gear'wheel-splincd to saidrecord mandrel shaft, and interineshing change gears connecting said gear wheel with the other shaft, whereby the ro- '--t'ation of said gears will produce a simul- 5'0 taneous rotation and longitudinal translation of 'said record inandrel'shaft.

6. In a phonograph, the combination of a pair of a-ngularly disposed screw threaded hafts,"a worm wheel normally in constant -65 engagement withthe threads of said shafts, a record mandrel mounted upon one of said shafts, and means for producing simultaneous rotation of both of said shafts at dif- ,ferent relative rates and. aconsequent longitudinal translation of said mandrel shaft. -7. In'aphonograph, the combination of a screw threaded mandrel shaft, and a supplemental screw threaded shaft, a worm wheel engaging the threads of both of said shafts, andchange gear connections between said shafts for producing simultaneous rotation thereof and a longitudinal feeding motion of said mandrel shaft.

8.- In a phonograph, the-combination of a record mandrel shaft, having screw threads thereon, a secondsci'ew threaded shaft angularly disposed with'respect to said. mandrel shaft, a worm wheel meshing with the threads -of .both'of said shafts, a ear wheel splined to said record mandrel s aft, a ear train connecting said gear wheel to said second shaft, and a motor for driving said gear train and rotating said shafts at different relative rates, whereby said mandrel shaft will also have a feeding motion in the direction of its axis.

9. In a phonograph, the combination of a motor gear train, a record mandrel shaft, a; screw thread of comparatively'low pitch upon said shaft, a pinion splined to said shaft and in operative engagement with a gear of said train to rotate said shaft, a supplemental gear train driven from said motor gear train, a screw threaded shaft driven by said supplemental gear train and a worm wheel engaging the threads of said. shafts, said worm wheel being driven from said supplemental gear train in a direction to reduce the progressive feeding motion of said mandrel shaft due to the low pitch of the thread thereon.

10. In a phonograph, the combination of a motor gear train, a screw threaded record mandrel shaft rotated by said gear train, a supplemental gear train driven by said motor gear train, a supplemental screw threaded shaft driven by said supplemental gear train, a worm wheelmeshing with the threads of both of said shafts and driven by said supplemental shaft to give said mandrel shafta feeding motion in the direction of its length, and change gears in said supplemental train whereby the relative rates of feed of said shaft may be changed.

11. In a phonograph, the combination of a motor gear train, a screw-threaded mandrel shaft, a pinion splined to said shaft and in engagement with a gear wheel of said train to be rotated thereby, a supplemental gear train including a screw-threaded shaftdrivcn by said motor gear train, a worm wheel meshing with the threads of said shaft respectively andidriven by said second named shaft to give said mandrel shaft a. feeding motion in the direction of its length, and change gears insaid supplemental gear train whereby the relative rates of feed of said mandrel shaft may be changed.

12. In a phonograph, the combination of a motor gear train, arecord mandrel shaft, a screw thread of-comparatively low pitch upon said shaft, a pinion splined to said shaft and in operative engagement with a gear of said-train to rotate saidshaft, a supitch of the thread thereon, and change gears pleme'nt-al gear .train including a screw in said supplemental tram whereby the rela- 10 threaded shaftv driven from said-motor gear t-ive rates of feed of said mandrel shaft may PLINY CATUCCI.

'train, a worm wheel engaging the. threads be changed. of both'of said shafts, said worm' wheel be- Witnesses:

Loms M. SANDERS, J. Soon Mac Nm'r.

ing driven from said supplemental gear Y train in. a direction to reduce the progressive feeding motion of said shaft due to low Copies of this patent may be ob fiained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

' Wazhington, D. C." 

